The Institut de Ciencia de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB) is one of CSIC most active centers devoted to materials science. It has always promoted and pushed outstanding breakthroughs in material science, materials physics and chemistry and innovation technologies. Battery research has traditionally focused on inorganic electrode materials (for either nickel or lithium based batteries) with specific emphasis in tailoring structure and microstructure to maximise electrochemical performance and structure-property correlations. More recent research includes also technological aspects (carbon coating, electrolyte formulation, full cell proof-of-concept) and is largely focussed on the emerging sodium-ion battery field.